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Virtual hosts allow you to host multiple websites on a single server using the same IP address. This is a common practice for web developers and system administrators. Here’s a breakdown of the steps involved:

Prerequisites

• An Apache web server installed and running.
• Administrative access to the server (root or sudo privileges).
• Domain names pointing to your server’s IP address (you can use your local machine’s hosts file for testing purposes).

Steps

Create Directory Structure

• Decide on a directory structure for your websites’ content. A common approach is to have a public_html directory under the document root (usually /var/www/html). You can create subdirectories within public_html for each virtual host.

sudo mkdir -p /var/www/html/your_domain_1 sudo

mkdir -p /var/www/html/your_domain_2

Grant Permissions

• Set the appropriate ownership and permissions for the created directories. The web server user (usually www-data on Ubuntu/Debian) should have read and execute permissions.

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/your_domain_1

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/your_domain_2

sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/your_domain_1

sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/your_domain_2

Create Default Pages (Optional):

• Create basic index files (e.g., index.html) for each virtual host directory to display a message when someone visits the domain.

Create Virtual Host Files:

• Apache uses configuration files to define virtual hosts. These files reside in the /etc/apache2/sites-available/ directory.
• Use a text editor (e.g., nano) to create a new virtual host file for each domain (e.g., your_domain_1.conf).

sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/your_domain_1.conf

sudo a2ensite your_domain_1.conf